The resulting values are used to estimate the likelihood of someone in a hypothetical population dying before their next birthday.Ĭalculating a person’s life expectancy is based on death patterns in the population and assumes that current death rates will persist throughout that person’s life. A life table is generated from current age- and sex-specific death rates in a given population. Life expectancy is calculated using a statistical tool called a life table. Table 8.3: Life expectancy (years) at birth, top 10 OECD countries by sex, 2021 The country with the highest life expectancy at birth for males was Switzerland (81.9 years), and for females was Japan (87.7 years) (Table 8.3). International comparisons of life expectancyĪustralia enjoys one of the highest life expectancies in the world, at 83.2 years in 2021 for males and females at birth combined – ranked fifth among 38 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Table 8.2: Life expectancy (years) at birth in Australia, by sex and Indigenous status, 2005–2007, 2010–20–2017 Indigenous status Over the same period, the difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous life expectancy narrowed by 2.9 years for males and 1.9 years for females.Īs shown in Table 8.2, this has resulted in a small decline in the life expectancy difference between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. This is 8.6 years lower than that of non-Indigenous males and 7.8 years lower for non-Indigenous females born in 2015–2017.īetween 2005–20–2017, Indigenous life expectancy at birth for boys increased by 4.4 years and by 2.7 years for girls. Life expectancy of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peopleįor the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population born in 2015–2017, males can expect to live to the age of 71.6 years and females to the age of 75.6 years. Table 8.1: Life expectancy (expected age at death in years) in Australia, at different ages and by sex, 1891–1900, 1960–19–2021 Age (years) Men aged 65 in 2019–2021 could expect to live another 20.3 years (an expected age at death of 85.3 years), and women aged 65 in 2019–2021 could expect to live another 23.0 years (an expected age at death of 88.0 years) (Table 8.1). The life expectancy at different ages can be presented as the number of additional years a person can expect to live or their expected age at death in years. Life expectancy changes over the course of a person’s life because as they survive the periods of birth, childhood and adolescence, their chance of reaching older age increases. In Australia, a boy born in 2019–2021 can expect to live to the age of 81.3 years and a girl would be expected to live to 85.4 years compared to 51.1 for boys and 54.8 years for girls born in in 1891–1900. Figure 8.1: Life expectancy (years) at birth in Australia, by sex, 1891–1900 to 2019–2021 Compared with their counterparts in 1891–1900, boys and girls born in 2019–2021 can expect to live around 30 years longer (Figure 8.1). Life expectancy in Australia has improved dramatically for both sexes in the last century, particularly life expectancy at birth. In summarising mortality patterns, life expectancy is often expressed as the number of years of life, from birth, a person is expected to live. Life expectancy measures how long, on average, a person is expected to live based on current age and sex-specific death rates. Life expectancy is the most commonly used measure to describe population health and reflects the overall mortality level of a population.
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